Is It Pilonidal Disease or Tailbone Pain? How to Tell the Difference
Tailbone pain describes any discomfort around the upper buttocks, where the spine ends with the coccyx bone. Pain in the area can be caused by many things, most musculoskeletal in nature — with one particular exception.
Pilonidal disease is a skin condition that occurs in the tailbone area. It characteristically forms in the cleft near the top of the buttocks and pain symptoms may mimic bone, muscle, or connective tissue problems.
As pilonidal disease specialists, the team at Colorado Colon & Rectal Specialists in Parker, Colorado, led by Lisa A. Perryman, MD, FACS, FASCRS, provides treatment to banish pilonidal disease, a condition that unless treated effectively has a high risk of recurrence.
So, can you tell the difference between pilonidal disease and conventional tailbone pain? Yes, if you understand a bit about each condition. Let’s take a closer look.
Tailbone pain (coccydynia)
Characteristic signs of coccydynia include pain that’s worse when you sit, lean backward, or stand from a sitting position. There’s no outside sign of a problem on the skin’s surface or soft tissue in the area as there is with pilonidal disease.
Common causes of coccydynia include:
- Extended time seated, particularly on unpadded, hard surfaces
- Traumatic injury to the tailbone area, such as a fall or impact
- Pregnancy and childbirth
- Repetitive motions
- Long-term changes to your posture
Pilonidal disease
Pilonidal cysts often start as an ingrown hair problem in the buttock cleft, near the tailbone. A skin pore becomes blocked and infected, and this infection becomes the source of pilonidal disease pain.
Symptoms of a pilonidal disease include:
- A lump or swollen area
- A red lesion that may feel warmer than surrounding tissue
- Visible pit marks at the surface of the skin
- Blood or pus draining from the area
- Pain that starts as mild and increases with the severity and size of the cyst
You may develop an abscess or systemic fever if the pilonidal cyst isn’t treated in its early or intermediate stages.
Telling the difference
The key distinguishing features between pilonidal disease and coccydynia are:
- Pilonidal disease causes pain at the skin’s surface, while tailbone pain is deeper, around the coccyx.
- Tailbone pain is more likely to be either a deep ache or intermittent sharp pain associated with moving and sitting.
- Pilonidal disease has visible symptoms on the skin, while tailbone pain usually doesn’t.
- Any sign of infection, such as fever, discharge, or warmth, points to pilonidal disease.
Dr. Perryman is a specialist in cleft lift surgery, the most effective treatment to prevent the recurrence of pilonidal disease. Find out more by making an appointment with Colorado Colon & Rectal Specialists. Call or click to book your visit today.
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